What you will learn
You can ask if there is any, say that there is none, and say someone and no one.
Some, any and none
| With an en-word | With an ett-word | With a plural | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| någon penna | något glas | några pengar | some, any |
| ingen penna | inget glas | inga pengar | no, none |
Någon, något and några mean some or any. Ingen, inget and inga mean no or none. Like min, mitt and mina, they change with the noun after them. Pengar and glasögon are only plural, so inga pengar and några glasögon.
| Question | Answer | English |
|---|---|---|
| Har du någon penna? | Nej, jag har ingen. | Do you have a pen? No, I do not have one. |
| Finns det något bröd? | Nej, det finns inget bröd. | Is there any bread? No, there is no bread. |
| Har ni några barn? | Ja, vi har två. | Do you have any children? Yes, we have two. |
In a question, någon is often any, as in Har ni några barn? In a statement, it is some, as in Vi köpte några blommor. In a short answer, ingen can stand without its noun, as in Nej, jag har ingen. Its form still follows the noun you mean, so Nej, det finns inget is about bröd, an ett-word.
Someone and no one
Någon and ingen can also stand alone. Then they mean someone and no one.
| Swedish | English |
|---|---|
| Någon ringde i går. | Someone called yesterday. |
| Ingen kom. | No one came. |
| Är någon hemma? | Is anyone at home? |
With two verbs
With one verb, ingen comes right after it, as in Jag har ingen bil. With two verbs, as with kan, vill or ska, say inte någon instead, as in Jag kan inte se någon.
Common mistakes
| Not like this | Like this | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Jag har ingen pengar. | Jag har inga pengar. | Pengar is plural, so use inga. |
| Har du något penna? | Har du någon penna? | Penna is an en-word, so use någon. |
| Jag kan se ingen. | Jag kan inte se någon. | With two verbs, use inte någon. |