How to use this list
These are the new words and phrases of this chapter, grouped by use. Nouns are shown with en or ett, then the definite form and the plural. Verbs are shown in the dictionary form, then the present form, the past form and, where it is taught, the instruction form. Adjectives are shown in the en form, then the ett form and the plural.
Learn every verb as three forms, the dictionary form, the present and the past. The present alone does not show the past, as bor and bodde, går and gick show. After the new words, this page lists the past forms of all the verbs you know from chapters 1 to 6.
When It Happened
| Swedish | Forms | English | Example |
|---|
| i går | also written igår | yesterday | Jag var på biblioteket i går. (I was at the library yesterday.) |
| i förrgår | i förrgår (never changes) | the day before yesterday | I förrgår hade Ida födelsedag. (The day before yesterday it was Ida’s birthday.) |
| i morse | i morse (never changes) | this morning | I morse drack jag bara kaffe. (This morning I only had coffee.) |
| i går kväll | i går kväll (never changes) | yesterday evening, last night | I går kväll var vi hemma hos Greta. (Last night we were at Greta’s.) |
| förra | as in förra veckan | last, the one before this | Förra veckan var Elin i Gävle. (Last week Elin was in Gävle.) |
| för … sedan | as in för två dagar sedan | … ago | Kenji kom till Sverige för två år sedan. (Kenji came to Sweden two years ago.) |
| länge | as in hur länge? | for a long time | Hur länge var ni i Stockholm? (How long were you in Stockholm?) |
| nyss | nyss (never changes) | just now, a moment ago | Hugo ringde nyss. (Hugo called just now.) |
| då | då (never changes) | then, at that time | Vi var i Japan förra året. Då talade jag lite japanska. (We were in Japan last year. At that time I spoke a little Japanese.) |
| förut | förut (never changes) | before, in the past | Förut drack Oskar kaffe varje morgon. (Oskar used to drink coffee every morning.) |
I morse is earlier today, and i morgon is tomorrow. After förra, the noun takes the definite form, as in förra veckan, förra helgen and förra året. För två dagar sedan is often said and written för två dagar sen. Hej då keeps its own meaning, bye.
Things We Did
| Swedish | Forms | English | Example |
|---|
| vila | vilar, vilade, vila | to rest | Efter jobbet vilade Marta på soffan. (After work Marta rested on the sofa.) |
| bada | badar, badade, bada | to swim outdoors, to bathe | Vi badade i havet i lördags. (We went swimming in the sea last Saturday.) |
| grilla | grillar, grillade | to barbecue, to grill | Jonas grillade fisk på balkongen. (Jonas grilled fish on the balcony.) |
| handla | handlar, handlade, handla | to shop | Greta handlade mat i går. (Greta did the food shopping yesterday.) |
| flytta | flyttar, flyttade | to move house | Ingrid flyttade till en ny lägenhet. (Ingrid moved to a new flat.) |
| stanna | stannar, stannade, stanna | to stay | Vi stannade hemma i helgen. (We stayed at home last weekend.) |
| missa | missar, missade | to miss | Jag missade bussen. (I missed the bus.) |
| tappa | tappar, tappade | to drop, to lose | Ida tappade nyckeln på gatan. (Ida dropped the key in the street.) |
| förlora | förlorar, förlorade | to lose a game | Hugo förlorade, men han var glad. (Hugo lost, but he was happy.) |
| besöka | besöker, besökte, besök | to visit | Vi besökte Ingrid i söndags. (We visited Ingrid last Sunday.) |
| resa | reser, reste, res | to travel | Elin reste till Norge förra året. (Elin traveled to Norway last year.) |
| glömma | glömmer, glömde, glöm | to forget | Glöm inte nyckeln! (Do not forget the key!) |
| hända | händer, hände | to happen | Vad hände i går? (What happened yesterday?) |
| tro | tror, trodde | to think, to believe | Kommer Noor i morgon? Jag tror det. (Is Noor coming tomorrow? I think so.) |
| må | mår, mådde | to feel | Viktor mådde bra i morse. (Viktor felt fine this morning.) |
| bli | blir, blev | to become, to get | Det blev sent i går. (It got late yesterday.) |
| vinna | vinner, vann | to win | Vem vann matchen? (Who won the match?) |
| springa | springer, sprang, spring | to run | Spring! Bussen kommer! (Run! The bus is coming!) |
| sitta | sitter, satt, sitt | to sit | Vi satt på balkongen hela kvällen. (We sat on the balcony all evening.) |
| bära | bär, bar, bär | to carry | Kan du bära lådan? (Can you carry the box?) |
| flyga | flyger, flög | to fly | Kenji flög från Japan till Sverige. (Kenji flew from Japan to Sweden.) |
Glömde has one m and hände one d. Tro is used in Jag tror det and Jag tror inte det. Må is the verb in Hur mår du?
Places and Trips
| Swedish | Forms | English | Example |
|---|
| en sjö | sjön, sjöar | lake | Det finns en sjö nära Knivsta. (There is a lake near Knivsta.) |
| en strand | stranden, stränder | beach | Vi var på stranden hela dagen. (We were at the beach all day.) |
| ett hav | havet, hav | sea | Huset ligger nära havet. (The house is near the sea.) |
| en båt | båten, båtar | boat | Jonas har en liten båt. (Jonas has a small boat.) |
| en skog | skogen, skogar | forest, woods | Vi tog en promenad i skogen. (We went for a walk in the forest.) |
| en stuga | stugan, stugor | cottage, cabin | Ingrid har en stuga på landet. (Ingrid has a cottage in the countryside.) |
| ett land | landet, länder, på landet | country | Norge är ett fint land. (Norway is a nice country.) |
| ett museum | museet, museer | museum | Museet ligger vid torget. (The museum is by the square.) |
| en utflykt | utflykten, utflykter | trip, day out | I söndags hade skolan en utflykt. (Last Sunday the school had a day out.) |
| en flygplats | flygplatsen, flygplatser, på flygplatsen | airport | Hugo hämtade mig på flygplatsen. (Hugo picked me up at the airport.) |
| en låda | lådan, lådor | box | Det finns fem lådor i hallen. (There are five boxes in the hall.) |
| en tidning | tidningen, tidningar | newspaper | Jonas läser tidningen på morgonen. (Jonas reads the newspaper in the morning.) |
| en serie | serien, serier | series | Vi tittar på en ny serie. (We are watching a new series.) |
| ett mål | målet, mål | goal | Ida gjorde två mål. (Ida scored two goals.) |
| ett lag | laget, lag | team | Hugo spelar i ett lag. (Hugo plays in a team.) |
| en kompis | kompisen, kompisar | friend, mate | Viktor har en ny kompis i skolan. (Viktor has a new friend at school.) |
Museum drops um before the ending, so museet and museer. På landet means in the countryside.
Food
| Swedish | Forms | English | Example |
|---|
| en pizza | pizzan, pizzor | pizza | I fredags åt vi pizza. (Last Friday we had pizza.) |
| en glass | glassen, glassar | ice cream | Ida vill ha en glass. (Ida wants an ice cream.) |
| fisk | fisken | fish | Greta köper fisk på torget. (Greta buys fish at the square.) |
| en korv | korven, korvar | sausage | Viktor äter korv med bröd. (Viktor is eating a sausage with bread.) |
Glass with two s is ice cream, and glas with one s is a glass. Fisk is used without en about food, as in Vi åt fisk.
How It Was
| Swedish | Forms | English | Example |
|---|
| skön | skönt, sköna | nice, comfortable | Soffan är skön. (The sofa is comfortable.) |
| tråkig | tråkigt, tråkiga | boring | Filmen var tråkig. (The film was boring.) |
| jobbig | jobbigt, jobbiga | hard, tiring | Det var en jobbig dag. (It was a hard day.) |
| lugn | lugnt, lugna | calm, quiet | Kvällen var lugn. (The evening was quiet.) |
| duktig | duktigt, duktiga | good at something, clever | Du är duktig, Viktor! (You are clever, Viktor!) |
| spännande | spännande (never changes) | exciting | Matchen var spännande. (The match was exciting.) |
| igen | igen (never changes) | again | Hugo ringde igen i morse. (Hugo called again this morning.) |
| bara | bara (never changes) | only, just | Vi har bara tio minuter. (We only have ten minutes.) |
| tillbaka | tillbaka (never changes) | back | Hon kom tillbaka klockan fyra. (She came back at four.) |
Spännande never changes form. Bara means only or just, and it is not the same word as bära, to carry.
Questions
| Swedish | Forms | English | Example |
|---|
| varför | varför (never changes) | why | Varför är du trött? (Why are you tired?) |
| hur var det? | hur var det? (a fixed question) | how was it? | Du var på bio. Hur var det? (You went to the cinema. How was it?) |
Every verb from chapters 1 to 6 now has a past form, except måste, which this course does not use about the past.
Verbs with -ar, past with -ade
| Dictionary form | Present form | Past form | English |
|---|
| tala | talar | talade | to speak |
| hitta | hittar | hittade | to find |
| leta efter | letar efter | letade efter | to look for |
| vakna | vaknar | vaknade | to wake up |
| duscha | duschar | duschade | to shower |
| jobba | jobbar | jobbade | to work |
| börja | börjar | började | to start, to begin |
| sluta | slutar | slutade | to finish, to end |
| laga mat | lagar mat | lagade mat | to cook |
| titta | tittar | tittade | to look |
| städa | städar | städade | to clean |
| träna | tränar | tränade | to exercise, to train |
| prata | pratar | pratade | to talk |
| lyssna | lyssnar | lyssnade | to listen |
| baka | bakar | bakade | to bake |
| somna | somnar | somnade | to fall asleep |
| kosta | kostar | kostade | to cost |
| betala | betalar | betalade | to pay |
| fråga | frågar | frågade | to ask |
| vänta | väntar | väntade | to wait |
| cykla | cyklar | cyklade | to cycle |
| spela | spelar | spelade | to play |
| dansa | dansar | dansade | to dance |
| simma | simmar | simmade | to swim |
| fika | fikar | fikade | to have a coffee break |
| gilla | gillar | gillade | to like |
| älska | älskar | älskade | to love |
| skicka | skickar | skickade | to send |
| träffa | träffar | träffade | to meet |
| svara | svarar | svarade | to answer, to reply |
| hämta | hämtar | hämtade | to pick up, to fetch |
Verbs with -er, past with -de or -te
| Dictionary form | Present form | Past form | English |
|---|
| läsa | läser | läste | to read, to study |
| köpa | köper | köpte | to buy |
| behöva | behöver | behövde | to need |
| åka | åker | åkte | to go, to ride |
| svänga | svänger | svängde | to turn |
| tycka om | tycker om | tyckte om | to like |
| ringa | ringer | ringde | to call, to phone |
| följa med | följer med | följde med | to come along |
| hjälpa | hjälper | hjälpte | to help |
A short verb, past with -dde
| Dictionary form | Present form | Past form | English |
|---|
| bo | bor | bodde | to live |
Irregular verbs
| Dictionary form | Present form | Past form | English |
|---|
| vara | är | var | to be |
| heta | heter | hette | to be called |
| komma | kommer | kom | to come |
| ha | har | hade | to have |
| gå upp | går upp | gick upp | to get up |
| äta | äter | åt | to eat |
| dricka | dricker | drack | to drink |
| sova | sover | sov | to sleep |
| se | ser | såg | to see, to watch |
| göra | gör | gjorde | to do |
| vilja | vill | ville | to want |
| kunna | kan | kunde | can, to be able to |
| få | får | fick | may, to get |
| ta | tar | tog | to take |
| gå | går | gick | to go, to walk |
| ligga | ligger | låg | to be, to lie |
| gå av | går av | gick av | to get off |
| ska | ska | skulle | will, be going to |
| sjunga | sjunger | sjöng | to sing |
| skriva | skriver | skrev | to write |
| bjuda in | bjuder in | bjöd in | to invite |
| ta med | tar med | tog med | to bring |
| säga | säger | sa, sade | to say |
| veta | vet | visste | to know |
Sa and sade are both correct. This course writes sa. Ska has no dictionary form in this course, and its past form skulle means was going to. Fick means got or was allowed to.
| You know | New form | English |
|---|
| det finns | det fanns | there was, there were |
| finns det? | fanns det? | was there? were there? |
| på måndag | i måndags | on Monday, last Monday |
| på tisdag | i tisdags | on Tuesday, last Tuesday |
| på onsdag | i onsdags | on Wednesday, last Wednesday |
| på torsdag | i torsdags | on Thursday, last Thursday |
| på fredag | i fredags | on Friday, last Friday |
| på lördag | i lördags | on Saturday, last Saturday |
| på söndag | i söndags | on Sunday, last Sunday |
På lördag is the Saturday that is coming, and i lördags is the one that has just passed.
New Meanings of Words You Know
| Swedish | English | Example |
|---|
| i helgen | the weekend that has just passed, with a past verb | Vad gjorde du i helgen? (What did you do at the weekend?) |
| skulle | was going to, a plan made before | Vi skulle åka klockan tio. (We were going to leave at ten.) |
| fick | got, or was allowed to | Ida fick en present. (Ida got a present.) |
| i | for, with a length of time | Vi var där i två timmar. (We were there for two hours.) |
Names in This Chapter
Göteborg is a town on the west coast of Sweden. It appears in practice questions. Marta, Jonas, Ida, Viktor, Kenji, Oskar, Ingrid, Tariq, Elin, Greta, Noor, Hugo and Mira are people you know from earlier chapters.
